Shamanism with an approach to the theory of attrition entrepreneurship

This article critically examines the relationship between metaphorical shamanism and the “theory of attrition entrepreneurship.” In this context, shamanism is not treated as a religious or cultural tradition, but as a pattern of belief formation, persuasion, and the creation of false needs in areas such as tobacco use, fortune-telling, pseudo therapies, and the aggressive promotion of beauty products. Research evidence shows that consumerism and targeted advertising, especially among adolescents and young adults, can reinforce risky behavior, emotional decision-making, and unhealthy consumption patterns251015. On the other hand, some forms of spiritual or indigenous entrepreneurship may operate at the intersection of service, belief, and income generation, but when profit-making is based on deception, fear, or psychological dependency, it leads not to sustainable value creation but to entrepreneurial attrition612. Therefore, this article argues that income generated through quasi-shamanic mechanisms weakens the social and moral capital of society and encourages the growth of unproductive and low-value activities.