Berry saturation and the statistics of the Riemann zeros from t ~ 1e4 to 1e21: a reproducible numerical study

Number variance and spectral rigidity of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function in 18 blocks from t ~ 1e4 to 1e21 (LMFDB; Odlyzko's tables, including the zeros near no. 1e12, 1e21 and 1e22), compared with Berry's semiclassical formula (no free parameter), random primes of the same density (Cramer model) and GUE. Berry's formula reproduces Sigma2(L) within 0.26-1.21 % (RMS), random primes miss by 5-10 %, the saturation level grows with height (0.34 -> 0.56), Delta3 follows from Berry's Sigma2 within 3.3 %, small gaps approach GUE logarithmically slowly and the prime content of S(t) matches the explicit formula within 1.2 % at t ~ 1e21. Article (PDF, DOCX, LaTeX, Markdown), figures, data and the scripts that reproduce every number, with an independent check; SHA-256 of every file. Text, figures and data CC BY 4.0, code MIT.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23815327
Primary Topic
Analytic Number Theory Research
Type
preprint
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preprint

Berry saturation and the statistics of the Riemann zeros from t ~ 1e4 to 1e21: a reproducible numerical study

David Hess
1 links
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
preprint

Berry saturation and the statistics of the Riemann zeros from t ~ 1e4 to 1e21: a reproducible numerical study

David Hess
preprint en

Abstract

Number variance and spectral rigidity of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function in 18 blocks from t ~ 1e4 to 1e21 (LMFDB; Odlyzko's tables, including the zeros near no. 1e12, 1e21 and 1e22), compared with Berry's semiclassical formula (no free parameter), random primes of the same density (Cramer model) and GUE. Berry's formula reproduces Sigma2(L) within 0.26-1.21 % (RMS), random primes miss by 5-10 %, the saturation level grows with height (0.34 -> 0.56), Delta3 follows from Berry's Sigma2 within 3.3 %, small gaps approach GUE logarithmically slowly and the prime content of S(t) matches the explicit formula within 1.2 % at t ~ 1e21. Article (PDF, DOCX, LaTeX, Markdown), figures, data and the scripts that reproduce every number, with an independent check; SHA-256 of every file. Text, figures and data CC BY 4.0, code MIT.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Analytic Number Theory Research
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