Climate Change and Its Impact on Global Politics

Abstract: Climate is the average weather of an area. Climate refers to the long- term pattern of weather conditions in a particular place or region, usually measured over a period of thirty years or more. It includes factors such as temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind, and atmospheric pressure. Climate change has emerged as one of the most significant challenges to contemporary global politics. Climate change refers to long-term changes in the Earth’s temperature, rainfall, wind patterns, and other climatic conditions. Today, the major cause of rapid climate change is the increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide largely due to human activities. Its impacts extend beyond environmental concerns, influencing international relations, economic security, and global governance. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and increasing pressure on natural resources have created new challenges for states and international institutions. Climate change has also intensified debates between developed and developing countries concerning historical responsibility, climate finance, technology transfer and equitable burden-sharing. International agreements such as the Paris Agreement demonstrate the importance of multilateral cooperation, while differences in national interests often complicate collective action. Furthermore, climate related displacement and competition over scarce resources may contribute to social and political instability in vulnerable regions. This paper examines the relationship between climate change and global politics, focusing on its influence on international cooperation, geopolitical relations, security, and sustainable development. It argues that addressing climate change requires stronger multilateral institutions, equitable international cooperation, and policies that integrate environmental sustainability with global peace and development.