MANAGEMENT OF VICHARCHIKA (ECZEMA) - AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH

In classical Ayurvedic literature, Vicharchika is described under Kshudrakustha (skin disorders) and can be clinically correlated with Eczema or Atopic Dermatitis as described in modern medicine. It is encountered by Ayurvedic Dermatologists characterized with symptoms namely Kandu, Srava, Pidika and Shyava Varna. Eczema (also called atopic dermatitis) is characterized by dry itchy skin with areas of poorly demarcated erythema and scale. In the acute phase eczema may be vesicular and oozing, In the chronic phase it may become hyperpigmented and lichenified (thickened). Excoriations (scratch marks) are frequently seen. The modern science has greatly advanced, particularly in dermatology but there are no specific medicaments for sure of eczema but symptomatic treatments like steroids are used, but they produce serious side effects like nephrotoxicity, osteoporosis, skin cancer etc. In contrast, Ayurvedic management involves a comprehensive therapeutic approach encompassing Shodhana Chikitsa (purificatory therapies), Shamana Chikitsa (palliative treatment), and Sthanika Chikitsa (local applications), supported by appropriate Pathya Ahara (dietary regulation) and Pathya Vihara (lifestyle modification). Vicharchika is a chronic dermatological condition whose prevalence has increased in recent years due to globalization, changing lifestyle patterns, and environmental factors. Owing to its recurrent nature, the disease significantly affects the quality of life of affected individuals. Despite the availability of various treatment modalities, long-term remission with minimal recurrence remains a therapeutic challenge. Ayurveda emphasizes a preventive and holistic approach to achieve sustainable disease control. This review aims to critically analyze and compare the management of Vicharchika from Ayurvedic and modern medical perspectives, highlighting the significance of the integrative and preventive principles of Ayurveda in the effective management of the disease.