Insegurança alimentar e mudanças climáticas: os impactos da crise ambiental na fome mundial

Food insecurity is one of the major global challenges of the present day and is exacerbated by the effects of climate change on food production, distribution, and access systems. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze the relationship between the climate crisis and the increase in global hunger, highlighting the social, economic, and environmental impacts associated with this phenomenon. The research is characterized as bibliographic and documentary, with a qualitative and exploratory approach, based on the analysis of international reports, scientific articles, official documents, and discussions held within the framework of COP30. The results demonstrate that extreme climate events, such as prolonged droughts, floods, heat waves, and changes in precipitation patterns, compromise agricultural productivity, reduce the availability of water resources, and increase food production costs. These factors contribute to rising prices, making access to adequate food more difficult, particularly among socially vulnerable populations. The analysis also revealed that food insecurity is associated not only with food availability but also with socioeconomic inequality, poverty, and the fragility of public policies. The COP30 discussions reinforced the existence of climate injustice, demonstrating that populations least responsible for greenhouse gas emissions are among those most severely affected by environmental impacts. It is concluded that addressing global hunger requires integrated actions focused on climate adaptation, strengthening sustainable agriculture, reducing social inequalities, and implementing public policies capable of ensuring the human right to adequate food and promoting sustainable development.