Risk Analysis of CD-BIM Integration in Structural Jetty Schematic Design: Time Performance

The early design stage of jetty infrastructure is crucial for setting the project's budget and time. However, current digital processes often do not fully integrate these tasks. Computational design and Building Information Modeling (BIM) have sped up design cycles through faster iterations and improved coordination. Still, they have also increased the likelihood of mistakes, extra work, and project delays. This research analyses risks in design processes that practitioners judge as having a significant impact on design time performance and how to mitigate them. The analysis identified 66 potential risks. Thirty-five engineers then assessed these vulnerabilities based on how often they occur and how they affect design-process length. They developed a priority list using a composite risk metric. Three senior engineers with strong maritime design backgrounds then reviewed the highest?ranked risks and confirmed which items are critical in real project settings. The results highlighted 20 major vulnerabilities. The investigation also found 17 root causes and 16 mitigation measures. These were organized into a risk oversight framework with four main areas: design integrity, information and documentation, stakeholder alignment, and technical systems and integration. This framework offers practical guidance for organizations seeking to adopt digital design methods while better managing risks to design time performance as perceived by practitioners.