The effect of empowering leadership on workforce agility: A multi-group analysis by work experience

In today's business world, uncertainties, rapid change, and intense competition force businesses to be agile not only structurally but also in terms of their people.In this context, employee adaptability, proactivity, and resilience have become critical elements for the sustainability of organizational agility.The aim of this study is to determine the effect of an empowering leadership approach on workforce agility.In other words, it examines how empowering leadership behaviors affect employees' proactiveness, adaptability, and psychological resilience.However, the reflection of leadership practices on employee behavior may not occur in the same way for all employees.Especially, work experience can differentiate how employees perceive, internalize, and translate leadership practices into behavior.To this end, data was collected through a survey conducted with 218 employees in manufacturing businesses operating in Kütahya.The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and multiple group analysis techniques.The findings revealed that empowering leadership significantly and positively affects workforce agility, and that this effect varies according to length of employment, indicating that leadership practices do not produce uniform outcomes across different experience levels.