Ciudades de paz y seguridad urbana: una revisión PRISMA de factores clave

This study analyzes the key factors involved in building "cities of peace," as well as their relationship with public security policies in urban settings. A systematic review of scientific articles was conducted using the PRISMA methodology, covering 20 articles indexed in Scopus, ProQuest, and PubMed. The results demonstrate that urban peace entails more than just crime reduction; it requires analyzing the interplay among structural, institutional, community, and socio-spatial factors. Consequently, the most effective security policies are those that integrate preventive approaches, citizen participation, and governance mechanisms, moving beyond purely reactive strategies. Furthermore, the study examines the roles of social cohesion, institutional legitimacy, and urban design in fostering sustainable social conditions and security. By synthesizing these dimensions and highlighting the lack of conceptual clarity found in the reviewed literature, the study concludes by emphasizing the need to promote interdisciplinary research grounded in high-quality scientific evidence, particularly within the context of the Global South.