The Effect of Insulin Use On Body Mass Index in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at RSAL Mintohardjo

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Insulin therapy is widely used in T2DM management; however, it may affect body weight and Body Mass Index (BMI). This study aimed to determine the effect of insulin use on BMI in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at RSAL Mintohardjo in 2025. This study used a retrospective cohort design with a quantitative approach. A total of 150 patients were selected using a total sampling technique from outpatient medical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variable was insulin use, while BMI was the dependent variable. Corticosteroid and metformin use were included as confounding variables. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The results showed that most respondents were male (54.7%) and aged ≥60 years (62.7%). Insulin therapy was used by 32.7% of patients, while metformin was used by 73.3% and corticosteroids by 17.3% of patients. The mean BMI category increased from 3.04 ± 1.016 before insulin therapy to 3.39 ± 1.116 after insulin therapy. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test showed a significant difference between BMI before and after insulin therapy (p <0.001). In conclusion, insulin use significantly affected BMI changes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at RSAL Mintohardjo. Regular monitoring of nutritional status and body weight is important in patients receiving insulin therapy.