The general Stokes’ theorem as the mechanism for synchronizing 2s2p electrons within a neon atom
Abstract Points, arcs, surfaces, and solids are four orthogonal space dimensions of a sphere. When they are applied to the description of the atomic structure of a neon shell, we draw the conclusion that both full-fledged 2p x electronic orbitals manifest as two diametric points; both 2p y orbitals take the shape of two semicircular arcs; both 2p z orbitals spread over two hemispherical surfaces; and both 2s orbitals form a solid spherical layer. The electrons transform from one type of orbitals to another cyclically following dynamic calculus of spherical quantities rather than linear algebra of physical quantities. Such dimensional transformations entail a fresh approach to solving harmonic oscillation equations and lead to the discovery of the synchronization mechanism for 2s2p electrons by Green’s theorem, Stokes’ theorem, and Gauss’s theorem. We make fine geometrical distinctions between 2p x , 2p y , and 2p z electronic orbitals, which are backwards compatible with those in quantum mechanics. Electronic orbitals are characterized from geometry, trigonometry, dynamic calculus, and vector integral calculus in a coherent manner. Their elegant coordination mechanism is a great benefit of 2p orbitals anisotropy in the four-dimensional space gradients, furnishing strong evidence of the quaternity theory for a neon atom, and providing a sharp insight into the mechanisms that regulate the biosphere on the earth and the immune system of a human body.
Authors
- Kunming Xu
Institutions
- Xiamen University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Research Square
- Published
- 2026-10-30
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11297903/v1
- Primary Topic
- Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications
- Type
- preprint