Determination of Flavonoid Courtesy and Antibactery Test of Propionibacterium Acne in Facial Wash Medications Containing The Leaf Extract of (Drymoglossum Piloselloides L.)

Acne vulgaris remains one of the most common skin conditions. Propionibacterium acnes, a Gram-positive bacterium that forms part of the normal skin microbiota, can contribute to acne development. Dragon scale leaves contain antibacterial compounds capable of inhibiting the growth of and killing pathogenic microorganisms. Their flavonoid content and associated antibacterial activity support their use as an ingredient in anti-acne preparations. This study aimed to determine the flavonoid content of dragon scale leaves (Drymoglossum piloselloides L.), evaluate the quality of facial cleanser formulations using the specified test parameters, and assess the antibacterial activity of the leaf extract against P. acnes. The leaves were extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol, and the resulting extract was qualitatively screened for flavonoids. Flavonoid content was determined using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry with quercetin as the reference standard. The facial cleanser formulations were evaluated for stability using the specified test parameters, and antibacterial activity against P. acnes was assessed. Extraction with 96% ethanol yielded 18.62%. The flavonoid content, determined at a maximum absorbance wavelength of 433 nm, was 23.97%. All three tested concentrations exhibited strong antibacterial activity, with mean inhibition zone diameters ranging from 18.33 to 20.33 mm. These findings demonstrate that dragon scale leaf extract containing flavonoids exhibits antibacterial activity against P. acnes.