COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MODERN INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS

Abstract. The article examines modern approaches to assessing the technical condition of buildings and structures and to the continuous monitoring of their structural systems. First, the distinction between technical condition assessment and continuous monitoring is clarified; then the instruments used to determine the dynamic characteristics of a structure - its natural frequency and period of vibration - are compared, ranging from the mechanical rebound hammer to digital accelerometers and seismometers. The article also shows the stages through which inspection methods have evolved, from visual inspection to integrated systems based on artificial intelligence, and separately substantiates the requirement for the sampling rate in digital signal recording. Keywords: technical condition assessment, structural health monitoring, natural vibration frequency, accelerometer, seismometer, digitization, sampling rate. Annotatsiya. Maqolada bino va inshootlarning texnik holatini baholash hamda ularning konstruktiv tizimini doimiy kuzatib borish (monitoring) masalalariga zamonaviy yondashuvlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Avvalo, texnik holatni baholash bilan uzluksiz monitoring o‘rtasidagi farq izohlanadi, so‘ngra inshootning dinamik ko‘rsatkichlarini - xususiy tebranish chastotasi va davrini - aniqlashda qo‘llaniladigan asbob-uskunalar, mexanik sklerometrdan tortib raqamli akselerometr va seysmometrgacha, o‘zaro solishtiriladi. Shuningdek, nazorat usullarining vizual ko‘rikdan sun’iy intellektga asoslangan integratsiyalashgan tizimlargacha qanday bosqichlarda rivojlanib kelgani ko‘rsatib o‘tiladi, raqamli signalni qayd etishda namuna olish chastotasiga qo‘yiladigan talab esa alohida asoslab beriladi. Kalit so‘zlar: texnik holatni baholash, konstruktiv monitoring, xususiy tebranish chastotasi, akselerometr, seysmometr, raqamlashtirish, namuna olish chastotasi.