Geometric Stabilization of the Proton via Topological Protection in the Zhang Effective Metric

Grand unified theories predict baryon-number violation and proton decay, yet Super-Kamiokande has set a stringent lower bound τₚ>1.6×10³⁴ yr with no detected signal. We present a topological stabilization mechanism within the rotational-order geometric unification programme based on the Zhang Effective Metric. Baryon number is identified with the π₃(S³) winding charge of the internal S³ fibre configuration. While GUT X/Y gauge vertices still carry baryon-number-violating couplings, the quark–lepton transition must tunnel across a high-gradient topological barrier in the internal fibre. This barrier supplies an exponential suppression factor multiplying the standard GUT decay amplitude. With the geometric cutoff Λ_geo≈0.3 M_GUT linked to the fundamental scale shared across the series, the resulting proton lifetime becomes τₚ≳10⁴⁰ yr, consistent with present experimental limits. This scenario is distinguishable from symmetry-based baryon conservation and will be tested further by Hyper-Kamiokande.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23799810
Primary Topic
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Type
preprint
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preprint

Geometric Stabilization of the Proton via Topological Protection in the Zhang Effective Metric

Xiangdong Zhang
3 links
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
preprint

Geometric Stabilization of the Proton via Topological Protection in the Zhang Effective Metric

Xiangdong Zhang
preprint en

Abstract

Grand unified theories predict baryon-number violation and proton decay, yet Super-Kamiokande has set a stringent lower bound τₚ>1.6×10³⁴ yr with no detected signal. We present a topological stabilization mechanism within the rotational-order geometric unification programme based on the Zhang Effective Metric. Baryon number is identified with the π₃(S³) winding charge of the internal S³ fibre configuration. While GUT X/Y gauge vertices still carry baryon-number-violating couplings, the quark–lepton transition must tunnel across a high-gradient topological barrier in the internal fibre. This barrier supplies an exponential suppression factor multiplying the standard GUT decay amplitude. With the geometric cutoff Λ_geo≈0.3 M_GUT linked to the fundamental scale shared across the series, the resulting proton lifetime becomes τₚ≳10⁴⁰ yr, consistent with present experimental limits. This scenario is distinguishable from symmetry-based baryon conservation and will be tested further by Hyper-Kamiokande.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
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