A Comparative Study of Metabolite Properties in Moringa oleifera Extract Prepared by NADES and Organic Solvents

Background: Moringa oleifera leaves is functional food and herbal medicine that already used thousand years for various condition. Polyphenols (phenolic and flavonoid) are the main metabolite for important roles such as antioxidant for prevention and treatment diseases. Objectives: This study used Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) with ultrasound-assisted extraction to create an effective and sustainable extraction method for phenolics and flavonoids from Moringa oleifera. Methods: Combination of Choline chloride with Urea and Glycerol in 1: 2 molar ratios have been used for the experiment. Methanol and ethanol extract in a same condition was prepared as comparison. Total Phenolic Contents (TPC) has been evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagents, whereas the Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) used colorimetric assay by Spectrophotometry Uv-Vis. For extraction, the ratio of sample to solvent was 1:20. For 50 minutes, the temperature was set to 50⁰C. Results: There were 4 sample in this study such as ethanol extract, methanol extract, NADES choline chloride-glycerol (NADES CG) extract and NADES choline chloride-urea (NADES CU) extract. Conclusions: The result showed no significant values in TFC of NADES extract and organic extract. Meanwhile, TPC of organic solvent showed the highest value than NADES extract. The pH and viscosity of the NADES have an important effect on the phenolic and flavonoid extraction result.