Combined nanofibrous scaffold and photobiomodulation therapy for an incisor with internal root resorption and an open apex: a case report.

This case report describes a combined approach for managing internal root resorption (IRR) and an open apex using a nanofibrous scaffold and laser photobiomodulation (PBM). A 25-year-old man with a history of dental trauma presented with radiographic evidence of IRR and an open apex in a maxillary central incisor. The treatment protocol involved revascularization and placement of a nanofibrous scaffold at the apical third of the root canal system. Subsequently, a mineral trioxide aggregate plug was placed to provide a biocompatible hermetic seal, thereby preventing microbial infiltration and promoting the formation of a rigid tissue barrier. Laser-assisted canal disinfection was performed prior to scaffold placement to ensure the effective eradication of pathogens and create a sterile environment conducive to regeneration. Adjunctive PBM stimulated cellular metabolism, reduced inflammation, and accelerated tissue regeneration, further enhancing the healing response. Finally, the remaining defect was filled with a bioceramic sealer. The tooth was subsequently restored with a zirconia crown. A periapical radiograph obtained 24 months after endodontic therapy revealed optimal apical closure, resolution of the periapical lesion, and preservation of tooth function. This case highlights the potential of integrating advanced biomaterials and laser therapy in endodontic treatment, offering a promising solution for complex cases involving IRR and an open apex.