The global research trends and hotspots on osteosarcopenia in aging over the past decade

This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis and narrative synthesis of research on osteosarcopenia over the past decade, highlighting evolving research trends, key contributors, and emerging clinical priorities. Osteosarcopenia, characterized by the coexistence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, is increasingly recognized as a clinically significant geriatric syndrome associated with adverse health outcomes. However, global research trends and emerging hotspots in this field have not yet been comprehensively characterized. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using data retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, SCImago Graphica, and OriginPro were used to analyze publication trends, authorship patterns, institutional contributions, and keyword co-occurrence networks. In addition, a narrative review was conducted to synthesize current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of osteosarcopenia. A total of 245 publications were included, demonstrating a steady increase in annual publication output and citation impact. China, Japan, and Australia were among the leading contributing countries, and collaboration networks were concentrated around prominent institutions. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified major research clusters encompassing risk factors, diagnostic assessment, therapeutic strategies, and prognosis. The narrative synthesis further indicated that osteosarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of falls, fractures, mortality, and functional decline. Despite advances in imaging and assessment techniques, diagnostic criteria remain inconsistent, and current therapeutic approaches are largely extrapolated from those used to manage osteoporosis. Research on osteosarcopenia has expanded substantially over the past decade, reflecting growing recognition of its clinical significance. Nevertheless, important knowledge gaps remain, particularly regarding standardized diagnostic criteria and targeted therapeutic strategies. Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies, mechanistic investigations, and multidisciplinary management approaches to improve clinical outcomes in aging populations.