Comprehensive Analysis of Chemical, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of Fibers from Pseudobombax munguba (Punga), Astrocaryum chambira (Chambira), and Mauritia flexuosa (Aguaje)

This study aimed to investigate the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of Amazonian fibers from Aguaje (Mauritia flexuosa), Chambira (Astrocaryum chambira), and Punga (Pseudobombax munguba) to assess their potential for sustainable industrial applications. Chemical characterization revealed key differences: Chambira fibers, with a high cellulose content (62.57%), are well-suited for use in rigid materials; Punga fibers, rich in hemicellulose (42.46%), stand out for their flexibility; and Aguaje fibers, with the highest lignin content (12.05%), excel in durability. In terms of mechanical properties, Chambira and Aguaje fibers exhibited hyperelastic behavior, making them suitable for applications in the textile industry. In contrast, Punga fibers are more brittle, with limited deformation capacity and lower tensile strength, although their tubular structure could offer advantages for use as a thermal insulation material. Overall, these fibers represent a valuable opportunity in the transition toward a circular bioeconomy.