TEKNIK PEMERIKSAAN COLON IN LOOP DENGAN KASUS CARCINOMA RECTUM DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL

ABSTRACT Colon in loop (CIL) examination in a case of carcinoma rectum at the Radiology Department of RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul uses barium contrast media at a 1:4 ratio with the single contrast technique, whereas several procedures reported in the literature use the double contrast technique. This study aimed to determine the examination procedure, the rationale for using the contrast media ratio, and the rationale for using the single contrast technique in CIL examination. This study employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving three radiographers and one radiologist at the Radiology Department of RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul from May to June 2026. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing by comparing the research findings with relevant theories. The results showed that CIL examination was performed following preparation consisting of a low-fiber diet, fasting, administration of laxatives, and an enema, using barium contrast media at a 1:4 ratio with the single contrast technique. The projections used were AP plain, AP post contrast, lateral post contrast, and AP full filling. The 1:4 contrast ratio was considered appropriate for facilitating contrast distribution within the colon lumen affected by narrowing. The single contrast technique was considered adequate in the case studied because it demonstrated luminal narrowing and a mass in the rectum, thereby providing the diagnostic information required to support diagnosis. These findings indicate that the selection of the examination technique can be adapted to the patient's condition and diagnostic needs. ABSTRAK Pemeriksaan colon in loop (CIL) pada kasus carcinoma rectum di Instalasi Radiologi RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul menggunakan media kontras barium dengan perbandingan 1:4 dan teknik single contrast, sedangkan beberapa prosedur dalam literatur menggunakan teknik double contrast. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosedur pemeriksaan, alasan penggunaan perbandingan media kontras, serta alasan penggunaan teknik single contrast pada pemeriksaan CIL. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap tiga radiografer dan satu dokter spesialis radiologi di Instalasi Radiologi RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul pada Mei–Juni 2026. Data dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan membandingkan temuan penelitian dengan teori yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan CIL dilakukan dengan persiapan diet rendah serat, puasa, pemberian laksatif dan enema, menggunakan media kontras barium perbandingan 1:4 dengan teknik single contrast. Proyeksi yang digunakan meliputi AP polos, AP post contrast, lateral post contrast, dan AP full filling. Perbandingan 1:4 dinilai sesuai untuk membantu distribusi media kontras pada lumen colon yang mengalami penyempitan. Teknik single contrast dinilai memadai pada kasus yang diteliti karena mampu memperlihatkan penyempitan lumen dan massa pada rectum sehingga memberikan informasi diagnostik yang diperlukan untuk membantu penegakan diagnosis. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan teknik pemeriksaan dapat disesuaikan dengan kondisi pasien dan kebutuhan diagnostik.