STUDI KELAYAKAN TEKNIS DAN EKONOMI PEMANFAATAN SEL SURYA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI DI RUMAH TANGGA

The utilization of solar energy through photovoltaic (PV) systems is an alternative for household electricity supply that needs to be assessed based on electricity consumption and local resource conditions. This study aims to determine the PV system capacity based on the actual electricity consumption of PLN customers and to evaluate its technical and economic feasibility in Biau District, North Gorontalo Regency. A descriptive quantitative method was applied to 10 PLN customers with 1,300 VA and 2,200 VA capacities. The results show PV system capacities of 1.7–5.0 kWp with annual energy production of 2,561.42–7,533.60 kWh and a Cover Ratio (CR) of 86–100%. The Performance Ratio (PR) of 80%, Capacity Factor (CF) of 17.20%, and Specific Yield (SY) of 1,506.72 kWh/kWp/year are derived parameters based on the design assumption. The economic analysis resulted in positive NPV values, an IRR of 12–14%, and a Payback Period (PP) of 6–8 years. The base-case LCOE of IDR 1,160.84/kWh is lower than the PLN electricity tariff of IDR 1,444.70/kWh. Sensitivity analysis shows that a ±10% change in solar radiation or PR results in an LCOE of approximately IDR 1,055–1,290/kWh, while a ±10% change in CAPEX results in an LCOE of approximately IDR 1,045–1,277/kWh. The findings indicate that actual-consumption-based PV utilization should consider performance and cost assumptions through sensitivity analysis.