The Future of Entrepreneurship Research Includes Online Panel Data—If Used Correctly

As online panel data (OPD) become more widely used across the behavioral sciences, editors, reviewers, and researchers in entrepreneurship are asking whether it has a legitimate place in our field. We believe the answer is yes—provided three conditions are met. First, the online panel’s participants and definition of entrepreneur must match the research question. Second, studies must incorporate best practices for sample verification. Third, generalizability must be explicitly addressed as part of the study (or set of studies). If researchers do these things, OPD can meaningfully advance both theory and practice in entrepreneurship research. That said, real questions remain. What kinds of studies are suitable for OPD? Who are these respondents, and are they who they say they are? Are they human, and are they entrepreneurs as commonly defined in the literature? Our recommendations and checklist aim to enable entrepreneurship researchers to answer these questions and make informed choices when collecting data and publishing results using OPD.

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Publication Details

Journal
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Published
2026-10-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587261496321
Primary Topic
Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

The Future of Entrepreneurship Research Includes Online Panel Data—If Used Correctly

Jon C. Carr, Timothy L. Michaelis, Nicholas Aaron Smith, Jeffrey M. Pollack et al.
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
article

The Future of Entrepreneurship Research Includes Online Panel Data—If Used Correctly

Jon C. Carr, Timothy L. Michaelis, Nicholas Aaron Smith, Jeffrey M. Pollack, David James Scheaf, J. Jeffrey Gish, Jeni L. Burnette
article en

Abstract

As online panel data (OPD) become more widely used across the behavioral sciences, editors, reviewers, and researchers in entrepreneurship are asking whether it has a legitimate place in our field. We believe the answer is yes—provided three conditions are met. First, the online panel’s participants and definition of entrepreneur must match the research question. Second, studies must incorporate best practices for sample verification. Third, generalizability must be explicitly addressed as part of the study (or set of studies). If researchers do these things, OPD can meaningfully advance both theory and practice in entrepreneurship research. That said, real questions remain. What kinds of studies are suitable for OPD? Who are these respondents, and are they who they say they are? Are they human, and are they entrepreneurs as commonly defined in the literature? Our recommendations and checklist aim to enable entrepreneurship researchers to answer these questions and make informed choices when collecting data and publishing results using OPD.

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Northern Illinois University (US), North Carolina State University (US), Baylor University (US), Syracuse University (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
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The Future of Entrepreneurship Research Includes Online Panel Data—If Used Correctly — Jon C. Carr, Timothy L. Michaelis, et al. · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS