An Annotated Transcription and Translation of the Headstone of Capitan China Chung Keng Quee (1828–1901) [R1]

This study provides an analysis of the 1898 granite headstone of Capitan China Chung Keng Quee (1828–1901) at Mount Erskine, Penang. By reconciling the physical challenges of extreme horizontal typographic compression (jǐ zì) with the uncompressed primary baseline recorded by Franke and Chen, the paper decodes the monument's imperial honors, temporal coordinates, and lineage matrix. Ultimately, the analysis demonstrates how the stone operates as a locked genealogical and geopolitical ledger that permanently captures Chung's consolidated post-Pangkor Treaty authority over a unified Perak and Larut.