Experimental Political Science: A Case Study of the Use of Dhammadhipateyya in State Governance

Countries have adopted different systems of governance, drawing on philosophical theories, political movements and religious teachings. Buddhism offers the concept of Dhammadhipateyya, a Pali term referring to the supremacy of moral principles. This approach emphasizes ethical leadership, democratic participation, liberty and non-violence as foundations for peaceful governance. Historical figures such as Emperor Ashoka and Dr B. R. Ambedkar illustrate the relevance of moral principles to public life in India. Buddhism addresses not only individual development but also ethical conduct within organizations and governments. The United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) similarly seek to integrate economic and social development with environmental sustainability. This study explores the potential contribution of Dhammadhipateyya to those objectives. It also considers the Four Noble Truths—dukkha (recognizing suffering), samudaya (identifying its causes), nirodha (recognizing the possibility of cessation) and magga (following the path towards cessation)—as a framework for understanding problems and responding to them. The paper examines how these Buddhist principles may inform good governance, responsible leadership and non-violent public policy. It argues that Dhammadhipateyya offers a moral framework for peaceful and sustainable state development.