Arkenstone BH: Resolving High Specific Energy Black Hole Feedback in Cosmological Simulations

Arkenstone BH (ArkBH) is an extension of the Arkenstone framework, originally developed to resolve high specific energy stellar feedback driven outflows in cosmological simulations. ArkBH extends this approach to black hole feedback by providing a framework for launching and resolving high specific energy black hole driven outflows, particularly relevant to jet mode feedback. We demonstrate that ArkBH successfully quenches galaxies in both isolated and cosmological zoom-in simulations by counteracting gas inflow from the circumgalactic medium into the interstellar medium. Importantly, the model also avoids local self regulation of black hole accretion and feedback, a common limitation of many existing subgrid prescriptions. This sets the stage for our current work implementing the model in larger cosmological boxes. This will enable robust statistical studies of the importance of preventive feedback in galaxy evolution and allows us to better constrain the effects of varying outflow velocities, energies, and mass loadings. Lastly, these cosmological runs will allow us to compare our results against key observational constraints, including the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and intracluster medium velocity dispersions.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23774700
Primary Topic
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Arkenstone BH: Resolving High Specific Energy Black Hole Feedback in Cosmological Simulations

Drummond B. Fielding, Greg Bryan, James Sullivan, Jake Bennett et al.
2 links
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
article

Arkenstone BH: Resolving High Specific Energy Black Hole Feedback in Cosmological Simulations

Drummond B. Fielding, Greg Bryan, James Sullivan, Jake Bennett, Matthew Smith
article en

Abstract

Arkenstone BH (ArkBH) is an extension of the Arkenstone framework, originally developed to resolve high specific energy stellar feedback driven outflows in cosmological simulations. ArkBH extends this approach to black hole feedback by providing a framework for launching and resolving high specific energy black hole driven outflows, particularly relevant to jet mode feedback. We demonstrate that ArkBH successfully quenches galaxies in both isolated and cosmological zoom-in simulations by counteracting gas inflow from the circumgalactic medium into the interstellar medium. Importantly, the model also avoids local self regulation of black hole accretion and feedback, a common limitation of many existing subgrid prescriptions. This sets the stage for our current work implementing the model in larger cosmological boxes. This will enable robust statistical studies of the importance of preventive feedback in galaxy evolution and allows us to better constrain the effects of varying outflow velocities, energies, and mass loadings. Lastly, these cosmological runs will allow us to compare our results against key observational constraints, including the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and intracluster medium velocity dispersions.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Columbia University (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 14%
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
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