Analiza anatomo-antropologiczna oraz demograficzna ludności pochowanej na przedlokacyjnym cmentarzysku w Krakowie

AN ANATOMICAL, ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF PEOPLE BURIED AT THE PRE-CHARTER BURIAL GROUND IN KRAKOW In the light of the anatomical, anthropological, biodemographic and pathological analyzes, the dwellers of Kraków in the pre-charter era having their representatives buried at the burial ground underneath today’s Main Market Square (Rynek Główny) in Kraków maintained good condition in biological terms during their lives. The evidences of that thesis include a rather low child mortality rate and a relatively high indicator of sexual dimorphism. The low rate of disorders in the analyzed osteological material points to good conditions of living in its both socioeconomic and environmental aspects. A minute number of fractures and injuries sustained during lifetime suggests that major conflicts within the analyzed population and in contacts with the neighbouring communities did not take place. It is regrettable that the human remains are poorly preserved, thus making it impossible to subject them to more thorough anthropological tests. The intensified research in the field of molecular anthropology will hopefully allow the authors to answer the question about the past residents of Kraków and their social stratification.