Design of an FPGA-Based Acetylene Laser Frequency Stabilization System

Laser frequency stability is a core performance metric in precision optical measurement and optical communication systems. This paper presents the design and implementation of an active frequency stabilization system for a 1542 nm laser based on the absorption spectrum of acetylene molecules. With a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as the core control unit, the system integrates the optical module, signal conditioning and conversion circuits, and a low-noise laser driving and temperature control circuit, enabling the integrated operation of modulation, phase detection, and feedback control. At the hardware level, a differential signal architecture and low-noise filtering design are adopted to effectively suppress environmental noise and electromagnetic interference.