Leibniz-type formulas for iterated symmetric difference quotients via shift operators
Fix a nonzero step size h and define the symmetric (central) difference quotient Sh as the basic discrete analogue of differentiation. Using shift operators, we prove a twisted product rule for Sh and derive an explicit Leibniz-type formula for the r-fold iterate Shr acting on a product of two functions, where the terms involve iterated symmetric differences evaluated at appropriately shifted points. We further extend the result to products of an arbitrary number of functions, obtaining a multinomial expansion with systematic shifts. Finally, we present a compact operator formulation based on shift automorphisms and a coproduct map on tensor products, which incorporates the Leibniz rules for all orders into a single identity.
Authors
- Karol Gryszka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3258-3330)
Publication Details
- Journal
- The Journal of Difference Equations and Applications
- Published
- 2026-10-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1080/10236198.2026.2750425
- Primary Topic
- Mathematical and Computational Methods
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00