The Convergence of New Growth Poles: Positioning Vietnam in Global Economic Networks

Value chain restructuring, digital and green transitions, and shifts in investment strategies are reshaping relationships among economic centers. In this context, the capacity to generate growth increasingly depends on connections among resources, functions, and development locations. This article combines theoretical synthesis with secondary-source analysis, drawing on growth pole theory, global production networks, value chain governance, and absorptive capacity. Convergence is defined as connectivity and complementarity among centers, rather than the narrowing of income or productivity gaps. The article proposes an analytical framework comprising three processes: attracting resources, connecting activities, and translating these linkages into domestic capabilities. It also distinguishes value creation from value capture. Based on an assessment of Vietnam’s opportunities and constraints, the article proposes a positioning strategy focused on supplier capabilities, knowledge-intensive services, green production, and regional integration. The contribution of international integration should be assessed in terms of productivity, firm capabilities, and value added retained within the domestic economy. The proposed relationships require further empirical testing.