Transatlantic Fascism: the Fasci all’estero in South America (1922–1924)

This article investigates the initial development of the Fasci italiani all’estero between 1922 and 1924, focusing on Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. It underscores the fragmented and conflict-laden nature of Fascist organizations abroad prior to their institutional stabilization, highlighting internal struggles within the fasci and tensions with Italian diplomatic representatives. This study elucidates how Fascism in Latin America was not merely an extension of the Italian state but a complex transnational phenomenon involving the negotiation of authority, loyalty, and identity among dispersed Italian populations. This study contributes to the transnational history of Fascism by foregrounding conflict, hybridity, and the interplay of multiple national experiences in shaping Fascist action abroad.