Maritime Boundary Disputes Between Neighboring Countries and Dispute Resolution Mechanisms Through the International Court on the Law of The Sea

Maritime boundary disputes between neighboring countries are international legal issues related to the determination of sovereignty boundaries, sovereign rights, jurisdiction, and utilization of marine resources. These issues are increasingly complex due to overlapping maritime territorial claims, differing interpretations of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and the strategic and economic interests of coastal states. This study aims to analyze the legal basis for maritime boundary determination and dispute resolution mechanisms through the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), the International Court of Justice (ICJ), and international arbitration. The study uses normative legal methods with statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches. Primary legal materials include the 1982 UNCLOS, the United Nations Charter, and relevant international court decisions. The results indicate that the resolution of maritime boundary disputes must prioritize agreements based on international law and the principle of equitable solutions. ITLOS, the ICJ, and arbitration all play a crucial role in providing legal certainty, but their jurisdiction depends on state consent and the provisions of UNCLOS. Therefore, bilateral diplomacy, the exchange of technical data, and international judicial mechanisms need to be combined to achieve peaceful, just, and sustainable dispute resolution.