Training technologies in the prevention of addictive behaviour among personnel in high-risk occupations

Occupational stress in the activities of personnel in high-risk occupations actualises the problem of addictive behaviour and the need for its psychological prevention using training technologies. The aim of the study is to identify and systematise the possibilities of applying training technologies in the psychological prevention of addictive behaviour among personnel in high-risk occupations based on theoretical analysis and synthesis of contemporary research. The study is theoretical and analytical in nature, based on the analysis of modern scientific works dedicated to the problems of addictive behaviour and its prevention by means of training technologies. Theoretical analysis, comparison, systematisation, generalisation, structural-functional analysis, and conceptualisation were applied to process and summarise scientific statements. The combination of scientific methods ensured the disclosure of the main concepts and approaches, comparison of contemporary research, identification of psychological risk factors, and directions of preventive work using training technologies. Based on conceptualisation, the possibilities of applying training technologies in the psychological prevention of addictive behaviour among personnel in high-risk occupations are synthesised. The content of seven interconnected modules of the training programme has been systematised: psychoeducation and motivation; emotional self-regulation; adaptive coping; self-efficacy and psychological resilience; professional interaction, social norms, and seeking help; situational modelling; skill integration and an individual preventive plan. A conceptual link has been established between psychological risk factors and the directions of training influence: difficulties in emotional regulation are matched with the development of self-regulation skills; alcohol use to cope with negative experiences is aligned with the formation of adaptive coping; occupational workload and exposure to critical events are paired with strengthening self-efficacy and psychological resilience; risk-inducing group norms and barriers to seeking help are linked to the development of professional interaction and social support. For military personnel, adaptation of the programme content is provided, taking into account combat experience, experienced critical events, prolonged stress, group norms of the military environment, and barriers to seeking psychological assistance. The proposed model is primarily oriented towards the prevention of risky and problematic substance use, predominantly alcohol, and requires empirical validation. The suggested psychological tools and the structure of the training programme can be used for the prevention of addictive behaviour, the development of adaptive responses to occupational stress, and the strengthening of psychological resources of personnel in high-risk occupations