Generative Structural Theory v1.81 — Detours past Transit Nodes: Structural Conditions for Preparatory Steps

(Q7) of v1.80 asks for conditions on a minimal strongly connected relation h and a tree S under which steps of Lemma R_Ϫ or Lemma M_Ϫ lead to a relation with a leaf of the cases (i)-(iv) of leaf detachment. This text does not settle (Q1) of v1.76, the two-deletion chain question; it gives partial results. Lemma D_Ϭ gives three local detour constructions under explicit neighbourhood conditions at a transit node w with in-neighbour a, out-neighbour b distinct from a, and return pair (b, a). The basic construction moves an additional pair (b, z) to start at a when a is entered only from b; two variants carry this detour through a bidirected pair at a or at z under the corresponding hypotheses of the lemma. Each construction gives a minimal relation, with one or two pairs deleted, in which a reaches b without passing through w. Theorem T_Ϭ applies it at a leaf l of S: when the new pair lies in the bidirected tree P_S, the step stays inside h ∪ P_S and makes l a leaf of case (i); if (Q1) holds on one node less, a chain from h to P_S inside h ∪ P_S with deletion bound two follows. Proposition L_Ϭ closes a leaf onto its neighbour in S (case (iii)); Corollaries Ϭ1-Ϭ3 combine these steps with v1.80 Lemma R_Ϫ and v1.79 Lemma A_Ϩ (a step at a node entered only from the leaf, the satellites of the leaf re-hung first, and a detour at a node that is not a leaf followed by its re-hanging). Corollary Ϭ4: a procedure P that applies these rules and v1.80 Theorem K_Ϫ in a fixed order, each step decided by testing conditions on the current relation and S, gives such a chain whenever it ends at a leaf of the cases (i)-(iii), with no auxiliary relation k of case (iv). These statements hold for every finite node set. A finite check at six nodes (every labelled minimal relation with one tree of each shape) finds that, of the 44 cases left by v1.79, the conditions of Theorem T_Ϭ hold initially in exactly the 18 that v1.80 reached by one new step to the cases (i)-(iii), and P reaches a leaf of the cases (i)-(iii) in 40, so that 28 of the 32 cases not explained by Theorem K_Ϫ are reached by the new rules, with no k; no condition is given for the other 4 (1299, 1548, 1861 and 2036), which are not counterexamples to (Q1); on all 21192 residual instances at six nodes P ends at such a leaf in 13530. These coverage figures are findings of the six-node enumeration, not general statements.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23762430
Primary Topic
Advanced Graph Theory Research
Type
preprint
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
preprint

Generative Structural Theory v1.81 — Detours past Transit Nodes: Structural Conditions for Preparatory Steps

Koji Okino
22 links
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Graph Theory Research
preprint

Generative Structural Theory v1.81 — Detours past Transit Nodes: Structural Conditions for Preparatory Steps

Koji Okino
preprint en

Abstract

(Q7) of v1.80 asks for conditions on a minimal strongly connected relation h and a tree S under which steps of Lemma R_Ϫ or Lemma M_Ϫ lead to a relation with a leaf of the cases (i)-(iv) of leaf detachment. This text does not settle (Q1) of v1.76, the two-deletion chain question; it gives partial results. Lemma D_Ϭ gives three local detour constructions under explicit neighbourhood conditions at a transit node w with in-neighbour a, out-neighbour b distinct from a, and return pair (b, a). The basic construction moves an additional pair (b, z) to start at a when a is entered only from b; two variants carry this detour through a bidirected pair at a or at z under the corresponding hypotheses of the lemma. Each construction gives a minimal relation, with one or two pairs deleted, in which a reaches b without passing through w. Theorem T_Ϭ applies it at a leaf l of S: when the new pair lies in the bidirected tree P_S, the step stays inside h ∪ P_S and makes l a leaf of case (i); if (Q1) holds on one node less, a chain from h to P_S inside h ∪ P_S with deletion bound two follows. Proposition L_Ϭ closes a leaf onto its neighbour in S (case (iii)); Corollaries Ϭ1-Ϭ3 combine these steps with v1.80 Lemma R_Ϫ and v1.79 Lemma A_Ϩ (a step at a node entered only from the leaf, the satellites of the leaf re-hung first, and a detour at a node that is not a leaf followed by its re-hanging). Corollary Ϭ4: a procedure P that applies these rules and v1.80 Theorem K_Ϫ in a fixed order, each step decided by testing conditions on the current relation and S, gives such a chain whenever it ends at a leaf of the cases (i)-(iii), with no auxiliary relation k of case (iv). These statements hold for every finite node set. A finite check at six nodes (every labelled minimal relation with one tree of each shape) finds that, of the 44 cases left by v1.79, the conditions of Theorem T_Ϭ hold initially in exactly the 18 that v1.80 reached by one new step to the cases (i)-(iii), and P reaches a leaf of the cases (i)-(iii) in 40, so that 28 of the 32 cases not explained by Theorem K_Ϫ are reached by the new rules, with no k; no condition is given for the other 4 (1299, 1548, 1861 and 2036), which are not counterexamples to (Q1); on all 21192 residual instances at six nodes P ends at such a leaf in 13530. These coverage figures are findings of the six-node enumeration, not general statements.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Graph Theory Research
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.

Laika access coming soon