New Oxygen Sensor with Polyaniline Spin Probe and Low Frequency EPR (L-Band) Detection System

Our research demonstrates the potential of certain PANI samples to serve as sensitive and reliable spin probes for oxygen detection, while also highlighting the advantages of the lowfrequency EPR technique. Compared to other methods of measuring oxygen concentration, the new sensor—based on a PANI spin probe and a low-frequency EPR detector—offers unique benefits: it ensures high sensitivity to changes in oxygen concentration and does not require direct contact between the EPR detector and the sensor itself (the polyaniline probe). This sensor can be placed in isolated environments, including biological samples (tissues), and - thanks to the use of nanodispersed polyaniline - even inside living cells.