The Decalogue of Urban Mobility: From Theoretical Framework to a Practical Index (UMDI)

Urban decarbonization is essential to mitigate the global climate emergency. While some cities face systemic socio-environmental challenges rooted in fossil-fuel-dependent mobility, some others are rapidly developing infrastructure with poor or without planning frameworks. To address the gap between fossil-fuel-dependent urban mobility and unplanned infrastructure development, and to improve urban mobility in all types of cities, this paper introduces the Urban Mobility Decalogue, a theoretical framework structured around ten core dimensions: safety, equity, justice, sustainability, health, cleanliness, efficiency, effectiveness, commitment, and civic consciousness. To operationalize this framework, we develop the Urban Mobility Decalogue Index (UMDI). The UMDI evaluates each principle using three universally accessible sub-indicators, creating a robust set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Metrics are normalized through a standardized scoring system and integrated mathematically into a composite score. Additionally, a four-tier certification system classifies performance into color-coded bands (labels A, B, C, and D). Empirical exercises across three contrasting archetypes (Copenhagen, Barcelona, and Houston) show the index’s ability to benchmark diverse mobility models and socio-environmental realities. Ultimately, the UMDI offers a scalable, data-driven tool for policymakers to evaluate, visualize, and accelerate urban transitions.