Algebraic Study of Neutrosophic Biquasigroups over Complex Modulo Integers

In this article we introduce and analyze a new class of non-associative structures called neutrosophic biquasigroups built on complex modulo integers, written as N(Q) = C(Z_n) ∪ C(Z_m), where C(Z_k) = {a + bI_F : a, b ∈ Z_k, I_F^2 = I_F} denotes the complex modulo integer system endowed with neutrosophic indeterminacy. We lift the decompositions into upper and lower real parts to the biquasigroup level and formulate the pseudo-strongly right alternative (PSRA) condition on neutrosophic idempotents. The central contributions concern the structural theory of N(Q). An existence result is established for distinct moduli n, m ≥ 3, and it is shown that the corresponding collection of real parts carries a non-associative neutrosophic ring structure under componentwise addition and multiplication. A characterization of Smarandache subbiquasigroups is obtained via neutrosophic subgroups of the factors C(Z_n) and C(Z_m). Moreover, we prove that when at least one of n, m is composite, N(Q) necessarily contains zero divisors, thereby connecting loop-theoretic properties with the arithmetic of the underlying moduli. The theory is illustrated by three explicit constructions over C(Z_5), C(Z_6) and C(Z_11), exhibiting PSRA behaviour, zero-divisor phenomena, and Smarandache subbiquasigroups. The proposed framework extends earlier investigations on neutrosophic quasigroups over Z_n and offers a novel setting for non-associative algebraic systems with potential use in neutrosophic code loops.

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Publication Details

Journal
Neutrosophic sets and systems
Published
2026-10-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23753214
Primary Topic
Advanced Mathematical Theories
Type
article
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article

Algebraic Study of Neutrosophic Biquasigroups over Complex Modulo Integers

Anthony Oyem, Benard Osoba, E. K. Osawaru
Neutrosophic sets and systems
Advanced Mathematical Theories
article

Algebraic Study of Neutrosophic Biquasigroups over Complex Modulo Integers

Anthony Oyem, Benard Osoba, E. K. Osawaru
article en

Abstract

In this article we introduce and analyze a new class of non-associative structures called neutrosophic biquasigroups built on complex modulo integers, written as N(Q) = C(Z_n) ∪ C(Z_m), where C(Z_k) = {a + bI_F : a, b ∈ Z_k, I_F^2 = I_F} denotes the complex modulo integer system endowed with neutrosophic indeterminacy. We lift the decompositions into upper and lower real parts to the biquasigroup level and formulate the pseudo-strongly right alternative (PSRA) condition on neutrosophic idempotents. The central contributions concern the structural theory of N(Q). An existence result is established for distinct moduli n, m ≥ 3, and it is shown that the corresponding collection of real parts carries a non-associative neutrosophic ring structure under componentwise addition and multiplication. A characterization of Smarandache subbiquasigroups is obtained via neutrosophic subgroups of the factors C(Z_n) and C(Z_m). Moreover, we prove that when at least one of n, m is composite, N(Q) necessarily contains zero divisors, thereby connecting loop-theoretic properties with the arithmetic of the underlying moduli. The theory is illustrated by three explicit constructions over C(Z_5), C(Z_6) and C(Z_11), exhibiting PSRA behaviour, zero-divisor phenomena, and Smarandache subbiquasigroups. The proposed framework extends earlier investigations on neutrosophic quasigroups over Z_n and offers a novel setting for non-associative algebraic systems with potential use in neutrosophic code loops.

Neutrosophic sets and systems
Bells University of Technology (NG), University of Benin (NG)
Openalex Percentile: Top 7%
Advanced Mathematical Theories
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