The Listed Kingdom: Every Listed Building in the United Kingdom by Grade, Type, Date of Listing and Date of Building

The four nations of the United Kingdom each keep a statutory list of buildings of special architectural or historic interest, and each publishes it as open data. I combined Historic England's National Heritage List, Historic Environment Scotland's list, Cadw's list for Wales and the listed grades of Northern Ireland's Historic Buildings Record into one table of 465,740 list entries, retrieved on 2026-10-29, and added what the open files lack: a type for each entry, read from its name with open keyword rules, and a date of building, read from the first date in the official description for every entry in Wales and for random samples of 5,000 entries in England and 2,000 in Scotland (Northern Ireland's record carries its own date bands). Wales has the most entries per head (9.5 per 1,000 residents), then Scotland (8.4), England (6.5) and Northern Ireland (4.8). Houses and cottages are the largest type (31.4% of entries), but 53.5% of England's Grade I entries are churches and chapels. In England's sample 30.8% of dated entries were built in the 1700s and 32.6% in the 1800s; Scotland's, Wales's and Northern Ireland's lists are younger, with 65.2%, 56.4% and 73.5% from the 1800s. Within England the East of England has the oldest listed stock and London the youngest. Listing came in waves: 46.9% of England's entries were first listed in the 1980s, and since 2015 more than half of England's new entries have been war memorials. A hand check of 120 descriptions found the date rules right in 97.4% of the cases that could be judged. Interactive version: https://maps.tristanhotham.com/listed-buildings/. Data and code: https://github.com/Tristan-Hotham/listed-buildings. Blog post: https://blog.tristanhotham.com/2026/10/29/listed-buildings/.