Factors of Youth Migration from Medium-Sized Cities of the Republic of Tatarstan

The issue of youth social well-being and the current state of youth out-migration from the republic's mediumsized cities is of significant relevance, given that this uncontrolled demographic outflow depletes enterprise labor resources, diminishes the staffing capacity of organizations and institutions, and ultimately undermines the region's competitive advantages. The objective of this study is to examine the contemporary state of youth migration within the republic and to identify its key determinants. To achieve this objective, the following tasks were executed: an analysis of the social well-being of youth in medium-sized cities; an assessment of satisfaction levels regarding socio-economic and cultural living conditions, as well as infrastructural components; an explication of the factors and determinants driving the migratory practices across specific age and gender cohorts; and the formulation of targeted policy measures required to facilitate youth retention in the republic's medium-sized cities. The scientific significance of this research lies in elucidating the mechanisms of youth outmigration from medium-sized cities and introducing into academic circulation a comprehensive array of original empirical data concerning the migratory practices of specific socio-demographic and gender youth cohorts within the region. The practical utility of the study's findings consists in their applicability to the development of targeted youth policy strategies and programs for the socio-economic development of the region's urban territories. The study concludes that migratory intentions are conditioned by a complex interplay of employment, educational, recreational, infrastructural, and symbolic factors. Furthermore, the research highlights distinctions in the migratory status among different age cohorts within the examined urban settlements of the republic. It is determined that retaining the most highly mobile age cohorts necessitates the implementation of innovative support measures and the advancement of the urban digital infrastructure, supplementing traditional socio-economic interventions.