Beyond AI Simulation: Integrating Generative AI and Authentic Human Interaction in Smoking Cessation Education Among Pharmacy Students

This educational initiative explored the integration of generative AI and authentic human interaction in smoking cessation counseling training among approximately 150 pharmacy students at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Implemented in July 2026, the program combined repeated individual counseling practice using a generative AI tool, counseling with a real person who smoked, structured self-reflection, classroom discussions, and peer role-play. Students reported that AI offered convenient, repeatable practice in a lower-pressure environment. However, AI occasionally misunderstood spoken input or provided off-target responses. However, AI occasionally misunderstood responses or provided unrealistic interactions. In contrast, counseling with real smokers offered authentic, unpredictable experiences requiring students to adapt their communication to individual needs and situations. The initiative highlights the complementary roles of generative AI and human interaction in pharmacy education, demonstrating how technology-supported practice can be combined with authentic experiences to prepare future pharmacists for real-world smoking cessation counseling.