Profitability Ratio Analysis of PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi Tbk, 2021–2025

Profitability ratios indicate how effectively companies convert revenue and financial resources into earnings. This study analyzed the profitability of PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi Tbk from 2021 to 2025 using a quantitative descriptive design. Secondary data were obtained from published annual reports and financial statements for five consecutive fiscal years. Gross profit margin (GPM), operating profit margin (OPM), net profit margin (NPM), return on assets (ROA), and return on equity (ROE) were calculated and compared annually using reported year-end asset and equity balances. GPM increased from 46.9% in 2021 to 51.6% in 2024 before declining to 50.4% in 2025. OPM rose from 39.9% to 44.9% during 2021–2024, then decreased to 43.6% in 2025. NPM peaked at 23.2% in 2023 and declined to 22.2% in 2025 despite continued nominal net profit growth. ROA increased from 2.4% to approximately 3.6%, while ROE rose consistently from 4.1% to 6.4%. These results indicate improving earnings relative to assets and equity alongside weakening revenue-based margins in the final reporting years. The contrasting movements underline the importance of assessing profitability through multiple indicators rather than relying exclusively on revenue or earnings. Management should examine cost developments and earnings retention. The descriptive single-company design limits causal interpretation and generalizability.