Chronic non-hematogenous osteomyelitis: pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment

The treatment of chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis must be comprehensive and tailored to the stage of the disease process. During the acute exacerbation phase, radical surgical debridement is performed to remove all non-viable tissue, sequestra, pus, and pathological granulation tissue. An active continuous-flow irrigation drainage system is established to ensure the constant removal of pus and the administration of antiseptics. Stable fixation of bone fragments is achieved using external fixation devices.