Recurrent Angiomyofibroblastoma of the Vulva: MRI Characteristics and Long-Term Monitoring Insights

OBJECTIVE: We presented a rare case of we reported a case of recurrent vulvar angiomyofibroblastoma (AMFB). The objective is to highlight the unique image findings in the rare circumstance. CASE REPORT: A 33-year-old woman presented with a pedunculated painless mass on the right vulva for two months. Tumor excision was performed, and the pathological examination revealed AMFB. One year after the surgery, pelvic CT revealed a small irregular enhancing soft tissue lesion in the right vulva, suggesting a recurrent tumor. Four years after the initial surgery, pelvic MRI revealed a large heterogeneous tumor in the right vulva, measuring 6.1 × 4.8 × 2.8 cm, which displayed hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and significant enhancement on post-contrast imaging. DWI/ADC demonstrated a heterogeneous signal intensity with evidence of mild diffusion restriction. Excision was performed and pathological examination revealed recurrent AMFB. The patient has remained free of recurrence for four years following the second surgery. CONCLUSION: In the rare vulvar AMFB, regular monitoring of tumor appearance by MRI is important for recurrent patients concerned about undergoing repeated surgeries.