One Method to Find Them All: Analytic Black Holes beyond Einstein

Rotating black holes offer powerful probes of gravity, but constructing their geometries beyond vacuum general relativity remains challenging. Here we develop a unified framework for constructing stationary, axisymmetric deformations of Kerr from their tidal curvature and physical sources. As a demonstration, we obtain closed-form solutions for six higher-curvature interactions at leading order in the couplings and for generic subextremal spin, without slow-rotation expansions, numerical fitting, or mode decomposition. The solutions pass stringent checks against the field equations, previous mode-by-mode constructions, and known analytic predictions for horizon quantities. We find that the chirality of the interactions organizes the analytic structure of these solutions, a pattern that likely extends to a large class of purely metric higher-curvature theories. Our framework opens a systematic route to black-hole geometries in beyond-Einstein theories and perturbative astrophysical environments. These geometries provide a foundation for strong-field tests with gravitational waves and other observational channels, such as black-hole images and X-ray spectroscopy, as well as theoretical studies of near-extremal black holes.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
arXiv (Cornell University)
Published
2026-10-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.37515
Primary Topic
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Type
preprint
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preprint

One Method to Find Them All: Analytic Black Holes beyond Einstein

Nicolás Yunes, Jierui Hu, Dongjun Li
arXiv (Cornell University)
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
preprint

One Method to Find Them All: Analytic Black Holes beyond Einstein

Nicolás Yunes, Jierui Hu, Dongjun Li
preprint en

Abstract

Rotating black holes offer powerful probes of gravity, but constructing their geometries beyond vacuum general relativity remains challenging. Here we develop a unified framework for constructing stationary, axisymmetric deformations of Kerr from their tidal curvature and physical sources. As a demonstration, we obtain closed-form solutions for six higher-curvature interactions at leading order in the couplings and for generic subextremal spin, without slow-rotation expansions, numerical fitting, or mode decomposition. The solutions pass stringent checks against the field equations, previous mode-by-mode constructions, and known analytic predictions for horizon quantities. We find that the chirality of the interactions organizes the analytic structure of these solutions, a pattern that likely extends to a large class of purely metric higher-curvature theories. Our framework opens a systematic route to black-hole geometries in beyond-Einstein theories and perturbative astrophysical environments. These geometries provide a foundation for strong-field tests with gravitational waves and other observational channels, such as black-hole images and X-ray spectroscopy, as well as theoretical studies of near-extremal black holes.

arXiv (Cornell University)
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
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One Method to Find Them All: Analytic Black Holes beyond Einstein — Nicolás Yunes, Jierui Hu, et al. · arXiv (Cornell University) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS