Chlorogenic Acid in Potato: From Biosynthetic Regulation and Functions to Tuber Quality and Dietary Significance

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of the major phenolic acids in potato tubers. This review summarizes the classification of chlorogenic acid compounds and the biosynthesis and regulation of CGA, with particular attention to structural genes and transcriptional regulation in potato. It also discusses the roles of CGA in biotic and abiotic stress responses. The effects of genotype, environmental conditions, postharvest storage, and processing methods on potato CGA content are then reviewed. Finally, the bioavailability and biological activities of CGA are discussed in relation to the potential health effects of potato consumption. This review provides a reference for improving potato nutritional quality, optimizing processing, and evaluating the nutritional significance of CGA.