Distributed Visual Information for Extreme Event Response: A Systematic Review

Extreme-event response depends on visual information that is up to date and meaningful across institutional boundaries. This systematic review examined how distributed system software can support controlled information sharing between geographically separated operational centers. The review followed a PRISMA 2020 approach and covered peer-reviewed work published from 2020 to 2026. The queries produced 553 records. Sixty-seven publications met the eligibility criteria, and 55 had high reporting quality. The analysis presents five architectural families. However, none of the evaluated systems discussed shared visual state with scientific context and owner-controlled access. Recovery across independent institutions also remained untested. The review produced a local-first model with three planes: i) Presentation preserves local operation; ii) Coordination manages shared state and policy; iii) Content preserves scientific meaning through data provenance and rigorous methods. The review identified five requirement dimensions and seven research challenges. These results define a two-site evaluation of selective sharing and failure recovery. The evaluation should test whether operational capacity is available without reducing institutional autonomy.