The Relationship between Breakfast Habits and Physical Activity with Nutritional Status as an Indicator of Diabetes Risk among Students at Nusantara Private Senior High School, Lubuk Pakam

Type 2 diabetes mellitus can be influenced by various lifestyle factors that begin to develop during adolescence. Breakfast habits and physical activity are factors associated with energy balance and nutritional status. Nutritional status, particularly overweight and obesity, can be used as one of the early indicators of metabolic disorder risk. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between breakfast habits and physical activity with nutritional status as an indicator of diabetes risk among students at Nusantara Private Senior High School, Lubuk Pakam. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 159 students, with a sample of 60 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and anthropometric measurements. Nutritional status was determined based on Body Mass Index-for-Age (BMI-for-age). Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. Most respondents had poor breakfast habits (61.7%), light physical activity (36.7%), and normal nutritional status (61.7%). There was a significant relationship between breakfast habits and nutritional status, with a p-value of 0.007. In addition, there was a significant relationship between physical activity and nutritional status, with a p-value of 0.006. There was a relationship between breakfast habits and physical activity with nutritional status among students at Nusantara Private Senior High School, Lubuk Pakam. Monitoring nutritional status and promoting healthy breakfast habits and physical activity should be considered as part of promotive and preventive efforts to address metabolic disease risk factors during adolescence.