Prevalence and Functional Impact of Ankle Sprains Among University Athletes Receiving Physiotherapy Care

Background: Ankle sprains can be a frequent sports injury that can lead to recurrent instability and chronic functional impairment in university athletes. This study aims to quantify ankle sprain burden, assess the functional consequences of ankle sprains, and identify factors associated with poor functional outcomes in university athletes receiving physiotherapy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 90 university athletes who had been diagnosed with an ankle sprain and were receiving physiotherapy treatment between January and June 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and clinical assessment form in relation to the demographics, athletic, and injury-related information. Functional status was assessed by the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression were used, and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 55(61.1%) athletes experienced a recurrence of ankle sprains, and 73(81.1%) reported that the mechanism of injury was inversion. Poor functional outcome (FAAM <75%) occurred in 53(58.9%), with a mean FAAM score of 71.8±9.4. Functional impairment was significantly associated with previous sprains (χ²=9.215, p=0.010). Recurrent sprain (AOR 4.46, 95% CI 1.69–11.80; p=0.003) and Grade II/III injury (AOR 2.63, 95% CI 1.01–6.89; p=0.048) independently predicted poor function. Conclusion: There was significant functional disability seen with recurrent and higher-grade ankle sprains. Structured rehabilitation could optimize recovery, and future research should focus on long-term recurrence and return to play in prospective studies.