Factors Affecting Sub-program Placement and Attrition among Self-Sufficiency Program Participants

This descriptive survey study aimed to examine the factors influencing sub-program placement and post-placement attrition among participants in the Gateway process at Local Self-Sufficiency Centers in Jeonbuk Special Self-Governing Province.The study analyzed 215 Gateway participants registered in 2025 using SPSS Statistics 27.0.The empirical findings revealed statistically significant differences in sub-program placement according to health status (χ2=8.886,p=.003) and practical training hours (χ2=55.642,p<.001).Among the 49 participants with health conditions, only 4 (8.2%) were assigned to sub-programs, while the vast majority (45 participants, 91.8%) remained unplaced.Furthermore, post-placement attrition exhibited a statistically significant difference according to health status (χ2= 28.833, p < .001),with all participants experiencing health problems either failing to be assigned or dropping out regardless of specific illness types.Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that practical training hours was the only statistically significant predictor determining both sub-program placement and attrition.Specifically, participants who completed practical training had an approximately 2.17 times higher probability of being assigned to a sub-program (B=.775, p<.001, OR=2.170, 95 CI=1.608~2.929)and the probability of sustaining retention without attrition was approximately 3.40 times higher(B=1.225,p<.001, OR = 3.403, 95 CI=2.058~5.628).Based on these empirical results, this study provides foundational evidence for designing tailored policies, including establishing an early health-care Gateway track that integrates health, welfare, and employment, creating job-related practical training units, and constructing an intensive post-placement health and case management system.