No net turn on a driven cage: why light cannot make the C60 quarter-turn flux

The half-filled C60 cage prefers a quarter-turn: π/2 of magnetic flux through every pentagon, nothing through the hexagons, with an exactly golden gap √5-1. Circularly polarised light is the standard way to manufacture flux in a carbon lattice without a magnet, and it is the obvious thing to reach for here. It cannot do this one. Coupling a circular drive through Peierls phases on the cage's own bonds, the induced pentagon circulation is odd under the antipodal map, so its uniform component vanishes identically — at leading order in the inverse drive frequency, for every amplitude and every propagation axis. What the light makes instead is a dipole: one hemisphere of pentagons turning one way, the other turning back, with a correlation of -0.998 to -0.9996 against k·n and a total below 3×10^-17. The reason is that inversion acts on a Peierls-coupled cage as complex conjugation, exactly, and inversion reverses orientation. The obstruction is a leading-order one and we say where it ends. The relation does not survive exponentiation: conjugating a time-ordered product flips the sign of i in each factor without reversing the ordering. Beyond leading order the cancellation leaks, and the leak enters at second order — the uniform component scales as 1/Ω^2, verified constant in Ω^2 to three figures from Ω=8 to 32, and reaching only 1.7×10^-3 of the typical circulation at the largest amplitude tried. Light is thus not merely a bad way to reach the quarter-turn; it is forbidden at leading order and parametrically suppressed beyond it. Reaching that flux needs a genuinely time-odd source. The proof uses only centrosymmetry and Peierls coupling, so it applies to any centrosymmetric cage. Includes complete verification scripts.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23718938
Primary Topic
Topological Materials and Phenomena
Type
preprint
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preprint

No net turn on a driven cage: why light cannot make the C60 quarter-turn flux

Jason Almasy
2 links
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Topological Materials and Phenomena
preprint

No net turn on a driven cage: why light cannot make the C60 quarter-turn flux

Jason Almasy
preprint en

Abstract

The half-filled C60 cage prefers a quarter-turn: π/2 of magnetic flux through every pentagon, nothing through the hexagons, with an exactly golden gap √5-1. Circularly polarised light is the standard way to manufacture flux in a carbon lattice without a magnet, and it is the obvious thing to reach for here. It cannot do this one. Coupling a circular drive through Peierls phases on the cage's own bonds, the induced pentagon circulation is odd under the antipodal map, so its uniform component vanishes identically — at leading order in the inverse drive frequency, for every amplitude and every propagation axis. What the light makes instead is a dipole: one hemisphere of pentagons turning one way, the other turning back, with a correlation of -0.998 to -0.9996 against k·n and a total below 3×10^-17. The reason is that inversion acts on a Peierls-coupled cage as complex conjugation, exactly, and inversion reverses orientation. The obstruction is a leading-order one and we say where it ends. The relation does not survive exponentiation: conjugating a time-ordered product flips the sign of i in each factor without reversing the ordering. Beyond leading order the cancellation leaks, and the leak enters at second order — the uniform component scales as 1/Ω^2, verified constant in Ω^2 to three figures from Ω=8 to 32, and reaching only 1.7×10^-3 of the typical circulation at the largest amplitude tried. Light is thus not merely a bad way to reach the quarter-turn; it is forbidden at leading order and parametrically suppressed beyond it. Reaching that flux needs a genuinely time-odd source. The proof uses only centrosymmetry and Peierls coupling, so it applies to any centrosymmetric cage. Includes complete verification scripts.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Topological Materials and Phenomena
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