Ultracompact Biomimetic High-Performance CO2 Membrane Contactor

12 Achieving net-zero carbon emissions will require compact, energy-efficient CO2 capture 13 technologies, yet conventional membrane contactors are limited by mass transfer. Here, we 14 report a lung-inspired three-dimensional gyroid membrane contactor (3D-GMC) that integrates 15 a nanoporous membrane with an interconnected microchannel networks. At contact times 16 below one second, the contactor achieves >90% CO2 removal from simulated flue gas and >80% 17 removal from ambient air. Its volumetric CO2 capture flux exceeds that of the best reported 18 flue-gas capture systems by more than 2.7-fold and that of current DAC technologies by 5.8-19 fold. For DAC at a capture capacity of 1 ton of CO2 per day, this perfrmance translates to a 20 ≈10-fold reduction in required contactor volume relative to conventional air-liquid contactors.