YEKOS: an object-based operating system concept for urban green infrastructure and climate adaptation

Cities are asked to show that their trees, parks and green corridors deliver measurable climate adaptation, yet most urban green is still managed with fragmented records: design files, spreadsheets and paper. Benefits such as cooling, stormwater retention and carbon uptake are therefore rarely measured, reported or tied to targets. This paper introduces YEKOS (Urban Green Infrastructure and Climate Adaptation Operating System), a concept in which every green asset becomes a Living Digital Asset, an object-based record whose state evolves over time and is corrected by new observations, analysis engines read the city under present and projected climates, and recommendations reach the field only after expert approval. We define two outputs that structure the system. The Climate Passport is a versioned, expert-approved record for a single green space. The Green Adaptation Balance Sheet is a city-level statement compiled from Climate Passports that reports baseline, targets and measured progress for a shared set of indicators. We describe how these outputs connect to local climate plans, the EU Nature Restoration Regulation and the 3-30-300 benchmark, outline a pilot pathway, and state the limits of the concept. This record contains the English version (YEKOS_Concept_Paper_EN.pdf) and the Turkish version (YEKOS_Kavram_Makalesi_TR.pdf) of the same concept paper. Project website: https://yekos.org