Metal Glycerolate‐Based Synthesis and Structure–Property Relationships of LiNi 1− x − y Co x Mn y O 2 Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Lithium‐ion batteries are currently the dominant energy storage systems, with cathode materials playing a significant role in electrochemical performance, safety, and cost. Among these materials, layered LiNi 1− x − y Co x Mn y O 2 (NCM)‐based cathodes stand out due to their competitive cost, compositional versatility, high capacity and energy density. Controlling the Ni/Co/Mn ratio is a key strategy for optimizing the balance between capacity, structural stability, and electrochemical performance. In this work, metal glycerolates synthesized via a solvothermal route were employed as hybrid organic–inorganic precursors to prepare NCM materials. The compositional variation, spanning from low‐ to high‐Ni content, enabled a direct correlation between Ni content, structural disorder, and electrochemical performance. Increasing the Ni content promoted Li + /Ni 2+ cation mixing and structural disorder, resulting in reduced discharge capacity of Ni‐rich NCM cathodes. In contrast, low‐Ni NCM compositions exhibited improved structural ordering and electrochemical behavior, with Mg 2+ doping effectively improving the stabilization of the LiNi 0.33 Co 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 (NCM 333) structure and enhancing its rate capability and cycling stability. These findings provide important insights into the relationship between composition, structural ordering, and electrochemical behavior, while highlighting both the potential and current limitations of metal glycerolate‐based synthesis for NCM cathodes. Thus, metal glycerolates offer a basis for the rational design of cost‐effective and more sustainable energy storage materials.

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ChemistryOpen
Published
2026-10-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/open.70327
Primary Topic
Advancements in Battery Materials
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article
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article

Metal Glycerolate‐Based Synthesis and Structure–Property Relationships of LiNi 1− x − y Co x Mn y O 2 Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

João Pedro Aguiar dos Santos, Hudson Zanin, Irlan S. Lima, Bruno Freitas et al.
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ChemistryOpen
Advancements in Battery Materials
article

Metal Glycerolate‐Based Synthesis and Structure–Property Relationships of LiNi 1− x − y Co x Mn y O 2 Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

João Pedro Aguiar dos Santos, Hudson Zanin, Irlan S. Lima, Bruno Freitas, Gustavo T. M. Silva, Josué M. Gonçalves, Syra Mubarac
article en

Abstract

Lithium‐ion batteries are currently the dominant energy storage systems, with cathode materials playing a significant role in electrochemical performance, safety, and cost. Among these materials, layered LiNi 1− x − y Co x Mn y O 2 (NCM)‐based cathodes stand out due to their competitive cost, compositional versatility, high capacity and energy density. Controlling the Ni/Co/Mn ratio is a key strategy for optimizing the balance between capacity, structural stability, and electrochemical performance. In this work, metal glycerolates synthesized via a solvothermal route were employed as hybrid organic–inorganic precursors to prepare NCM materials. The compositional variation, spanning from low‐ to high‐Ni content, enabled a direct correlation between Ni content, structural disorder, and electrochemical performance. Increasing the Ni content promoted Li + /Ni 2+ cation mixing and structural disorder, resulting in reduced discharge capacity of Ni‐rich NCM cathodes. In contrast, low‐Ni NCM compositions exhibited improved structural ordering and electrochemical behavior, with Mg 2+ doping effectively improving the stabilization of the LiNi 0.33 Co 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 (NCM 333) structure and enhancing its rate capability and cycling stability. These findings provide important insights into the relationship between composition, structural ordering, and electrochemical behavior, while highlighting both the potential and current limitations of metal glycerolate‐based synthesis for NCM cathodes. Thus, metal glycerolates offer a basis for the rational design of cost‐effective and more sustainable energy storage materials.

ChemistryOpenVol. 15(11)
Universidade de São Paulo (BR), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR), Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (BR)
Shell, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Sistema de Laboratórios em Nanotecnologias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 24%
Advancements in Battery Materials
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